background image
International Softball Federation 
Introduction to 
Wheelchair Softball 
background image
Page 2 
Introduction to Wheelchair Softball 
 
History 
Though the first person to play wheelchair softball  has not 
been documented the sport itself hasover 30 years of history.  
The first team was formed in Sioux Falls, South Dakota—the 
Sioux Wheelers in 1970, then in 1976 the National 
Wheelchair Softball Association (NWSA) formed as the 
governing body for the sport in the United States. The sport 
has grown by leaps and bounds with hundreds of teams 
throughout the United States and programs forming around 
the world. 
Objectives 
 
 
ISF continues to break ground in the development of the sport world-wide. Along with ISF’s 
equipment program development includes seeking new methods and disciplines to the sport of 
softball.  It affords greater opportunity for people of all ages, genders and abilities to 
participate.  Our goal would be to further develop Wheelchair softball for its consideration for 
inclusion into the Paralympics Games. 
 
Rules and Regulations 
For International Competition:  NWSA regulations with International Standards 
Wheelchair softball should be played under the rule book set forth by the International 
Softball Federation.  (under current standards the NWSA uses the ASA rules a member 
federation of the ISF) 
Equipment 
It is recommended that a 16” ball be utilized. 
All participant must be in a manual wheelchair with foot platforms 
Sacramento Field Dedication—National Wheelchair      
Association 
background image
Page 3 
Introduction to Wheelchair Softball 
Field 
Smooth Surface – no grass or soft dirt 
Indoor Arena could be used (Gym, Warehouse, parking lot) 
Dimensions:  
minimum 150ft  - maximum 220ft (foul lines 150ft and 
180-220 ft to straight center) 
Base Paths -   The official diamond shall have 50ft 
between all bases and 70ft, 8.5 inches from home to 2nd. 
Bases are made up of a 4ft circle (semi-circle for 1
st
 & 
3
rd
) painted white. NOTE:  at 1st base only , the base is 
extended into foul territory.  The extension shall be 24 inches deep and 24 inches wide 
beginning at the 50 ft mark, painted white.  This extension may be used by the base runner 
only as an extended tag area for 1st base. 
Player is considered touching the base when one or more of the wheels are in the circle 
Pitching Rubber—should extended perpendicularly 1ft on either side of the diagonal from 
home to 2nd base and shall be located 28ft from home base 
Offense 
The base runner must be seated in their wheelchair and my tag or make contact with the 
base with either one or more wheels, or may tag the base with their hand.  If a runner is 
knocked out of his/her chair, he/she may proceed 
to the previous or next base by any means other 
than hopping walking or running and make 
contact with the base with any part of his/her 
body.  A base runner may not place lower 
extremity (waist down) on the ground or someone 
else’s chair to stop his/her chair.  If he/she does, 
the play is dead and will result in a delay dead 
ball situation. 
Sacramento Field Dedication—National Wheelchair Association 
Major league wheelchair softball tournament Twins—National Wheelchair       
Association 
background image
Page 4 
Introduction To Wheelchair Softball 
The hitter cannot have a lower extremity in contact with the ground when hitting.  If he/she 
does, the ball is dead and the batter is out, and all base runners return to the last base achieved 
before the illegal at-bat. 
ISF Rule 4 Section 6 Extra Player is not legal in wheelchair softball. 
Defense 
No fielder may advance toward 
or play the ball with any lower 
extremity in contact with the 
ground.  The fielder must return 
to their chair and then advance to 
the ball.  A fielder cannot leave 
their chair to gain any 
competitive  advantage.  
Violations results in a minimum 
of one base advancement, 
normally two. 
A restraining line should be 
marked 12 feet from the bases and parallel to the baselines, which run from 1
st
 to 2
nd
 and from 
2
nd
 to 3
rd
 .  All four infields must have at least one wheel on or behind the line until the ball 
leaves the pitcher’s hand.  Violations result in the hitter being awarded a walk. 
A semi-circle restraining line should be marked on the outfield 100 feet from home and 
extend to each foul line.  All outfielders other than the short fielder must remain behind the 
line until the pitcher releases the ball during the pitch. 
All teams are required to have a quadriplegic on their team in active play.  This means that 
when the team is on defense, they must have a quad playing one of those positions.  Failure to 
have a quad take the field will require the team to play a fielder short (i.e., 9 rather than 10 
players).  When the team is hitting there must be a quad in the batting lineup and bat in the 
same position throughout the game.  Failure to have a quad hit in that position will be an 
automatic out. 
American Divas —National Wheelchair Association 
background image
Page 5 
Introduction To Wheelchair Softball 
A team must have the required 10 players, including one or more quads, to start the game. 
The teams are balanced by the following point system:  Quad (any) = 1 point  
Class I = 1 point Class II = 2 points Class III = 3 points 
A.  At no time in a game shall a team have players participating with a total value of points 
greater than 22. 
B.  The coach, in placing his/her team's roster in the official score book before each game, 
shall place a roman numeral prominently and in a common line between the player’s 
disability classification. 
C.  The official scorer shall be responsible for seeing that personnel on the field for either 
team at any given time, does not exceed the above balance rule.  This will only have to be 
checked at the beginning of the game and at the time of substitutions.  No checking of the 
total value point will be necessary if I substitutes for a I, II, or II: or if a II subsidies for a 
II or III.  It will only be necessary if a III substitutes for a II or a I, or if a II substitutes for 
a I. 
The player classified as a quad may alter their bat to improve the grip.  The altered bat must 
be approved by the head umpire for safety concerns (no sharp or pointed edges, etc.). 
The player classified as a quad may wear a glove on either or both hands regardless of 
position (including pitcher). 
The “Chop hit” is allowed. 
Quads can bunt, but must inform 
he umpire before first at bat of quad 
status during any given game. 
 
 
 
California Park, Chicago Illinois —National Wheelchair Association 
background image
Page 6 
Introduction To Wheelchair Softball 
 
Resources  
National Wheelchair Softball Association - http://www.wheelchairsoftball.org 
United Spinal Association - http://www.unitedspinal.org/ 
 http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1672991089067093038 
www.newdisablity.com